hydrochlorothiazide

Hydrochlorothiazide

Dose: 0.5 to 2.5 mg/kg/dose PO

Frequency: Q 12 hours

Comments: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to produce diuresis and for the treatment of hypertension. Thiazide diuretics act on the proximal portion of the distal renal tubules to prevent reabsorption of sodium. They are not as effective as "loop" diuretics such as furosemide. At maximum doses, the effects of the different thiazide diuretics are essentially equal. Peak effects are seen in 2 to 6 hours. Unlike furosemide, an increase in calcium excretion does not occur; however, with chronic use both a potassium and magnesium deficiency can develop. When used with furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide exhibits a synergistic effect that can cause a significant loss of fluids and electrolytes. More comments of hydrochlorothiazide.

Toxicity: The most commonly reported problems include hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and hypomagnesemia. Adverse effects associated with hydrochlorothiazide.

Preparation: A 5 mg/ml concentration of hydrochlorothiazide can be prepared by crushing five (5) 25 mg tablets of hydrochlorothiazide. Measure 25 ml of sterile water (for irrigation) in a graduate. Add a small amount of water to the crushed tablets and triturate until a smooth mixture is obtained (no clumps of crushed tablet material). Pour this into a 1 oz. amber glass bottle. Using some more of the water, rinse out the mortar and add this to the amber bottle until all 25 cc's have been used and added to the bottle. Label the bottle with drug, strength, date, time, initials, SHAKE WELL, REFRIGERATE, and STABILITY of 72 HR.

Hydrochlorothiazide is also available as 50 mg/5 ml sugar-free oral solution. Refrigerate. It is not routinely carried in the pharmacy but can be special ordered. preparation.

**Hydrochlorothiazide 5 mg/ml and a dose of 1 mg/kg**
Weight	Dose (ml)	Weight	Dose (ml)
500	0.10	3000	0.60
750	0.15	3250	0.65
1000	0.20	3500	0.70
1250	0.25	3750	0.75
1500	0.30	4000	0.80
1750	0.35	4250	0.85
2000	0.40	4500	0.90
2250	0.45	4750	0.95
2500	0.50	5000	1.00
2750	0.55	5250	1.05

**Hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg/5 ml and a dose of 1.0 mg/kg**
Weight	Dose (ml)	Weight	Dose (ml)
500	*	3000	0.30
750	*	3250	0.33
1000	0.10	3500	0.35
1250	0.13	3750	0.38
1500	0.15	4000	0.40
1750	0.18	4250	0.43
2000	0.20	4500	0.45
2250	0.23	4750	0.48
2500	0.25	5000	0.50
2750	0.28	5250	0.53

* For infants less than 1 kilogram, add 9 ml of sterile water to 1 ml of the 10 mg/ml suspension. This gives a concentration of the drug of 1 mg/ml. The infant's dose would then be: wgt (Kg) x 1 ml/kg. Use once and discard.

* For infants less than 1 kilogram, add 9 ml of sterile water to 1 ml of the 10 mg/ml suspension. This gives a concentration of the drug of 1 mg/ml. The infant's dose would then be: wgt (Kg) x 1 ml/kg. Use once and discard.

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